Addressing the Ball - Taking your stance and grounding the club, except that in a water hazard a player simply addresses the ball by taking a stance
Advice - Any suggestion that could influence the way you hit a shot or choose a club
Air shot - Striking at the ball intentionally and missing it. It is counted as one shot
Birdie - Scoring one under par
Bogey - Scoring one over par
Bunker - Sand trap on the course, could be green side or in the fairway
Carry - The distance your ball carries in the air before landing
Casual Water - A temporary accumulation of water on the course where you may take a free drop
Chip - A short and low trajectory shot struck from near the green with a medium lofted club. Doesn’t travel very high or very far in the air and rolls a long way after landing on the green
Course - The whole area within which play is permitted
Divot - Turf that is removed from the ground when a player’s swing hits the grass
Dog-leg - A hole that does not follow a straight line from the tee to the green
Double Bogey - Scoring two over par
Draw - A shot that curves in slightly from right to left
Eagle - Scoring two under par
Etiquette - A specific code of behaviour expected of golfers in relation to the course and other players – see etiquette section
Fade - A ball that curves in slightly from left to right
Fairway - The grass between tee to green that is kept well mown.
Flagstick - Generally a pole and flag on the green to indicate the position of the cup
Fore - A warning shouted to alert other players that a ball in flight is heading in their direction
Fringe - Grass that outlines the green
Green - Closely mown grass we putt on
Gross - The actual number of strokes a player has taken before his handicap is deducted.
Grounding the Club - Touching the surface or ground with the sole of the club at address
Ground Under Repair (GUR) - A damaged area of the course in which you may take a free drop
Halved - A hole that each player or side in match competition has played in the same number of strokes. It means a tie, or one half a hole for either side.
Handicap - A number allotted to a player which reflects their ability or relative ability. It allows them to compete on an equal footing with other players
Hazard - In general use, any natural obstacles on the course, such as trees, ponds, ditches, bunkers etc, but more specifically by rule – bunkers and water hazards
Honour - The right to play from the teeing ground; determined by the lowest score on the previous hole or on the first tee by the flip of a coin
Hook - A ball that starts right of your target and curves left
Lateral Hazard - Water hazard that is generally to the side of the hole and your ball cannot be dropped behind it. Marked with red stakes or lines
Loft of the Club - The amount or degree of loft that is built into the clubface
Loose Impediment - Natural objects that are not fixed or growing, such as twigs, loose rocks, pine cones, leaves
Lost Ball - Any ball that cannot be found within 5 minutes of starting to look for it and wasn’t seen to go into a water hazard of any type.
Marker - Someone appointed to record the score.
Match Play - A form of competition in which each hole is a separate competition. The winner is determined by the number of holes won rather that the total score
Nett Score - A player’s score having subtracted the handicap from the gross or actual score
Obstruction - Anything artificial or man-made whether erected or left on the course, as well as artificially constructed roadways or paths
Out of Bounds (OOB) - Any areas outside the boundaries of the course in which play is prohibited, as defined by white stakes
Par - The allocated number of strokes given to each hole and the full round. Based on the length of the hole and allowing for two putts
Penalty Stroke - A stroke added to the score for an infraction of the rules
Pitch - A short lofted shot from around the green that goes high and doesn’t roll all that far after landing.
Plug Mark - An identification made by a ball landing on a green
Provisional Ball - Another ball that is played when you think your ball might have gone out of bounds or is lost
Pull - A ball that starts left of the target and stays left
Push - A ball that starts right of the target and stays right
Putt - A stroke played on or near the green to roll the ball along the ground, normally with a putter
Rough - Taller grass that lines the fairway
Rub of the Green - The occurrence of a ball that is in motion being deflected by an outside agency
Slice - A ball that starts left of your target and curves right
Stance - The position of the feet when addressing the ball
Stroke - The name given to each attempt to strike the ball
Stroke Play - Competition where only the gross and nett scores are counted. Winner is determined by the lowest score for each round
Take a Drop - The name given to the act of picking up the ball and dropping it in another spot in accordance with the rules
Tee Box - Starting place for the hole to be played
Through the Green - All of the area of the course with the exception of the teeing ground, the green and any hazard
Topped - A rolling or low bounding shot that is caused by striking the ball above the centre line
Water Hazard - Any sea, lake, pond, river, ditch, surface drainage ditch or other open water course (doesn’t have to contain water) Defined by yellow stakes or lines. (Stakes or lines are part of the hazard)
Wrong Ball - Any ball other than the ball in play, a provisional ball or in stroke play a second ball
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